Driven by evolving attitudes and greater awareness around sexual wellness, Kenya is beginning to embrace a wave of openness.
Sex toys may seem like an ordinary consumer product in many countries, but in Kenya, they are prohibited. Despite the ban, an underground market exists, with these items finding their way into the country through smuggling and clandestine sales.
These illegal products are often sold in disguised retail spaces. For example, some shops that sell sex toys pose as lingerie stores, only revealing their true inventory once a customer asks. So, why are sex toys banned in Kenya, and how do they end up being sold so openly?
Tucked away in one of Nairobi’s crowded cityscapes, a surprising discovery awaits on one of its most bustling streets. Hidden in plain sight within a multi-story building in the CBD, I find myself navigating a narrow corridor, surrounded by cube-like stalls that each seems to hold a small world of its own.
Up a flight of stairs, discreetly on the second floor, I spot a store that is, at first glance, a medley of familiar items, a warm blend of candles, honey jars, chocolates, teas, clothes, and scented perfumes among other things lining the shelves. But as I look closely, my eyes get drawn to an unexpected display, positioned unassumingly among the everyday products. Sex toys.
This pick-up store, with its eclectic spread of offerings, exuded an unusual allure. The man at the counter, stationed right in the middle of the room, greets me with a friendly smile and willingly shares the story behind his most surprising merchandise.
Contrary to the soft scents and cozy ambiance of the shop, he explains that sex toys have become their fastest-moving items. Some days, he says, they might sell few other items, but pleasure toys would reliably find their way to eager buyers, with at least two leaving the shelves daily. What might have once seemed taboo was now finding a curious and steady clientele, with young people in their 20s walking in to purchase items they previously only sought online or from overseas.
But the reach of these products goes far beyond the shelves of this intimate shop. Their deliveries, he reveals, are not only immense but astonishingly widespread. Orders pour in from all corners of Kenya, stretching from bustling urban centres to the most remote villages.
"We deliver everywhere," he says confidently, “to the furthest corners of Kenya's dynamic landscape.” The demand doesn’t stop at Kenya’s borders either. He shares that they frequently ship these products across East Africa, with regular orders to neighbouring countries like Tanzania and South Sudan.
Man Vs Machine.
Driven by evolving attitudes and greater awareness around sexual wellness, Kenya is beginning to embrace a wave of openness. What was once an underground market is now coming to the surface, hinting at a shift in the country’s cultural landscape and a growing willingness to explore intimate self-care in ways previously unimagined.
The rise of sex toys has ignited a compelling clash, with deep-seated morality concerns trailing closely behind. Despite their growing popularity, these devices exist in a legal grey area, as regulations still prohibit their sale.
Many stores have resorted to operating through online platforms, skirting the physical restrictions while navigating societal taboos. A quick scroll through social media reveals an array of these online shops on Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook, where the process is easy, customers simply order, pay, and await their package at a pick-up point or doorstep.
Yet, as technology brings such intimacy to the convenience of a few clicks, questions loom over the long-term impact of machines mediating human desire and connection.
Are these tools of personal liberation or gateways to dependency, altering how relationships form and function? For some, the growing accessibility of such devices signals a shift toward freedom and self-exploration, while for others, it raises concerns about the role of human touch and connection in an increasingly machine-mediated world.
The ease of access challenges both Kenya's moral boundaries and its approach to navigating technology's rapid influence on human intimacy.
Regulatory expert
To understand why sex toys are banned in Kenya, one must look beyond the surface-level discussions of customs laws and taxation. Daniel Wambua, Chief Manager of Border Control & Enforcement at Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) says the reason for the ban goes beyond the desire for revenue generation. "Sex toys are not allowed to enter the country," he says.
"Not necessarily because we can get revenue out of it, but because of health and safety concerns."
Unlike other consumer products, sex toys are not subject to the same kind of regulatory oversight in Kenya such as food, drugs, or electronics.
If such items were legal, they would have to meet specific health and safety standards something that the government would regulate through bodies like the Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS) and the Ministry of Health.
Without these checks in place, there are concerns over the materials used in these products and their potential risks to users' health.
"If it was something which was allowed, KEBS would have a look at it and find whether it meets the standards allowed in the country," Mr Wambua says.
However, the absence of these safeguards means that the unchecked entry of these products poses health risks, particularly when they come through clandestine means.
Despite the ban, the demand for sex toys in Kenya is on the rise. Mr Wambua says that many of these items are smuggled into the country, often hidden in passengers' luggage or shipped in small quantities to avoid detection. "Most of them come through smuggling,". "Smuggling is still a challenge we have noted, especially from the airport and land borders."
There are couples who use toys together, and it is perfectly fine for them. On the other hand, there are those who might divorce if they find out their partner is using toys.
To curb this, KRA has implemented several measures to detect and intercept illicit goods. One of the most effective tools is the use of Non-Intrusive Inspection (NII) methods, such as scanners, to monitor the goods entering the country.
These scanners are designed to identify hidden items in baggage, ensuring that prohibited products are not able to make it past customs.
While the traditional methods of smuggling were more overt, today’s smugglers are using more discreet means. "They have to ship small bits," he says. "You cannot bring a container, because scanners will get you. So it means they have to come in smaller quantities, usually concealed within personal baggage."
The underground trade in sex toys has become so widespread that authorities are now taking a more proactive approach to enforcement. This includes the formation of multi-agency teams that work together to crack down on illicit trade. "We do not do it as KRA alone," the representative says. "We have a team made of police, the camps, the counterfeit unit, and other bodies. It's a whole-government approach."
Despite all of these efforts, one of the biggest hurdles remains public awareness. Many consumers, especially those who purchase these goods, are unaware that they are violating the law.
"That’s why we need taxpayer education," he explains.
Through taxpayer education, KRA hopes to enlighten people about what constitutes illicit goods and the potential consequences of trafficking or purchasing them. "You can be arrested, and your goods confiscated," Mr Wambua says. "It is important for the public to understand what they are dealing with."
However, as the representative points out, the battle is far from over. "It is an evolving societal problem," he admits, noting that this trade is becoming increasingly sophisticated and harder to stop.
Sexual Health Expert.
Joachim Osur, a renowned sexual and reproductive health practitioner, offers a neutral perspective on the issue, stating how the sale of sex toys has gradually crept into the Kenyan market, despite their legal status.
"It is something in the market that seems to be doing well," he says. However, he also acknowledges that due to the stigma surrounding sex toys, people rarely talk openly about their use. "Masturbation, which is often linked to sex toys, is common, but people do it privately. Publicly, no one talks about it," he says.
Mr Osur says that the discussion around sex toys is deeply connected to societal values.
"Sex with toys is essentially an advanced form of masturbation," he says. "In many cultures, especially in religious communities, masturbation is frowned upon, making the idea of using sex toys even more controversial.
While masturbation itself is common, many people, especially younger individuals, view it as a natural part of sexual development and self-discovery.
When it comes to labelling sex toys as a "social problem," Mr Osur argues that it depends entirely on individual values.
"Some people think sexual variety, including the use of toys, is okay," he says. "There are couples who use toys together, and it is perfectly fine for them. On the other hand, there are those who might divorce if they find out their partner is using toys."
He adds that cultural and societal values shape how people view the use of these pleasure devices. "It really depends on how you view it. Whether you see it as a problem or a part of sexual variety that is up to you," Mr Osur says. He suggests that younger generations may be more open to the idea, particularly since many of them are learning about sexuality through social media, rather than traditional sexual education, which remains largely absent in Kenya.
"In countries where sex education is provided, people are exposed to the benefits and potential risks of using sex toys. Some countries even encourage the use of toys as a way to prevent disease and unwanted pregnancies."
In Kenya, however, the lack of formal sexual education means many people are left to navigate their sexual lives without guidance. "Without proper education, they end up feeling guilty or ashamed of things they have learned on their own."
A common concern about sex toys, especially those that use electricity or batteries, is their potential health risks. However, Mr Osur is quick to dismiss these fears.
"Medically, there are no dangerous effects from using sex toys," he says. "In fact, in some cases, sex toys are prescribed for medical treatment." He provides the example of individuals who experience orgasmic dysfunction or difficulty reaching orgasm with a partner. "In cases like these, sex toys can be used to help people discover their own orgasm before they can experience it with a partner."
He also addresses the concern about addiction. "Some people may have what we call hyper sexuality or sex addiction," he says. "But the problem is not the toys. It's a psychological issue. These people may have multiple sex partners, use toys, and engage in excessive masturbation, but the addiction is to sex, not the toys themselves."
Mr Osur believes that societal views may shift over time. "It all comes down to values. We need to understand that not everyone shares the same values, and that’s okay."
Robots to take over human connection
In the not-so-distant future, robots might play an increasingly central role in intimate relationships, according to futurologist Dr. Ian Pearson. He suggests that within the next decade, more women may turn to robots for companionship, and by 2050, these robotic relationships could outshine human ones in popularity.
The visionary founder of Futurizon with more than 33 years of predicting future trends, envisions a world where emotional connections with robots become common, potentially even surpassing human relationships. This trend, he explains, could mirror the widespread acceptance of sex toys like vibrators today, with robot intimacy following a similar trajectory.
As artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic sophistication advance, initial hesitations about engaging with robots are likely to diminish. In this new landscape, robots may offer an alternative to traditional relationships that appeal to many. By mid-century, Pearson goes as far as predicting that sexual experiences with robots could eclipse human intimacy altogether.
These projections form part of a report commissioned by Bondara, a UK-based adult retailer, sparking intriguing questions about the future of love and relationships.
